National Standards for Grade Levels 7-12
 
Students are introduced to acids, bases, and the pH scale through experimentation using indicator solutions and indicator papers commonly used in acid base titrations. In Experiment 1, students compare eight test substances using red litmus paper, blue litmus paper, phenolphthalein, methyl orange, bromothymol blue, and phenol red. In Experiment 2, students compare the pH of common substances using Universal indicator solution, Universal indicator paper, and wide range pH paper. Students are asked to compare the results of these methods. They learn the relationship between pH, ion concentrations, and the strengths of acids and bases. Students may continue to investigate by testing additional substances with the indicators. Lab activities are written in easy-tounderstand, step-by-step format, and include worksheets, assessment materials, and answer keys. Includes 60 dropper bottles for setting up group stations and all required chemicals and supplies except goggles, gloves, and distilled water. Allow one hour of lab time. Designed for 24 students working in groups of four.